ABSTRACT
AIM:To evaluate specific metabolomics profiles in the serum of patients with chronic mountain sickness (CMS) and to explore the potential metabolic biomarkers in the native Tibetans living on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.METHODS:A gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) approach as a metabolomics technique was used to evaluate metabolic differences.The native Tibetan CMS patients (n =10) and healthy Tibetan controls (n =10) were enrolled from YuShu in Qinghai province in this study.The serum samples were collected and analyzed by GC-TOF-MS coupled with a series of multivariate statistical analyses such as principal component analysis (PCA),partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA).RESULTS:The intergroup differences between CMS patients and control subjects have been observed.A list of differential metabolites and several top altered rnetabolic pathways have been identified.The levels of fumaric acid,an intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle,and inosine were highly upregulated in the CMS patients,suggesting a greater effort to hypoxic adaptation in high elevation area.Other differential metabolites,such as methyl phosphate,2-ketoadipate,lyxose and phytanic acid were also identified.Importantly,the differential metabolites possessed higher area under the ROC curve (AUC) values,indicating an excellent clinical ability for the prediction of CMS.Increased levels of amino acids (isoleucine,glycine,serine,L-cysteine,citrulline and trimethyllysine) were detected in CMS group,yet significantly decreased levels of sulfuric acid,oxamic acid,lyxose and glutamine were also detected in CMS group than those in control group.At the same time,the levels of ribose and glucose-1-phosphate were markedly elevated in CMS group (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION:The metabolic activities are significantly altered in the serum of CMS patients.High altitude hypoxia may act on the disturbed glucose metabolism and amino acid metabolism in part of the Tibetan triggered by CMS.
ABSTRACT
AIM:To evaluate specific metabolomics profiles in the serum of patients with chronic mountain sickness (CMS) and to explore the potential metabolic biomarkers in the native Tibetans living on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.METHODS:A gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) approach as a metabolomics technique was used to evaluate metabolic differences.The native Tibetan CMS patients (n =10) and healthy Tibetan controls (n =10) were enrolled from YuShu in Qinghai province in this study.The serum samples were collected and analyzed by GC-TOF-MS coupled with a series of multivariate statistical analyses such as principal component analysis (PCA),partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA).RESULTS:The intergroup differences between CMS patients and control subjects have been observed.A list of differential metabolites and several top altered rnetabolic pathways have been identified.The levels of fumaric acid,an intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle,and inosine were highly upregulated in the CMS patients,suggesting a greater effort to hypoxic adaptation in high elevation area.Other differential metabolites,such as methyl phosphate,2-ketoadipate,lyxose and phytanic acid were also identified.Importantly,the differential metabolites possessed higher area under the ROC curve (AUC) values,indicating an excellent clinical ability for the prediction of CMS.Increased levels of amino acids (isoleucine,glycine,serine,L-cysteine,citrulline and trimethyllysine) were detected in CMS group,yet significantly decreased levels of sulfuric acid,oxamic acid,lyxose and glutamine were also detected in CMS group than those in control group.At the same time,the levels of ribose and glucose-1-phosphate were markedly elevated in CMS group (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION:The metabolic activities are significantly altered in the serum of CMS patients.High altitude hypoxia may act on the disturbed glucose metabolism and amino acid metabolism in part of the Tibetan triggered by CMS.
ABSTRACT
The penetrating moxibustion technique is proposed based on experience of the ancients and clinical practice for many years. From the aspects of definition, action characteristics and technique at different parts, the advantage and application experience of penetrating moxibustion have been discussed. The adequate dose of moxibustion is necessary in penetrating moxibustion; in addition, moxibustion sensation should be penetrating; therefore, with a temperature of 43℃ for more than 20 min, sweating, flushing, speckle appearing after penetrating moxibustion. Due to individual differences of age, gender and constitution factors, the effects of penetrating moxibustion are different, in clinical practice the body reaction and patient's feelings should be deliberately focused on other than does or sore and blister of moxibustion. The technique is common used in the abdomen, waist and knee joint, etc.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the clinical efficacy differences between acupuncture combined with 40-min penetration moxibustion and 60-min penetration moxibustion at back-points for insomnia of insufficiency of heart and spleen type.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty patients of insomnia with insufficiency of heart and spleen type were randomly assigned into a 40-min group and a 60-min group. The two groups were treated with acupuncture at Jueyinshu (BL 14), Xinshu (BL 15), Geshu (BL 17), Pishu (BL 20), Shendao (GV 11) and Zhiyang (GV 9). With moxibustion box, the penetration moxibustion was applied at the back until sweating and redness on the back. The moxibustion was given for 40 min in the 40-min group and 60 min in the 60-min group. The treatment was given once a day, five days per week. Each session was consisted of 5 treatments, with an interval of 2 days between session and totally 4 consecutive weeks were provided. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), TCM symptom scale were observed and recorded before and after treatment in the two groups. The even temperature at raising period, effective period, reducing period, as well as minimum high temperature, comfortable temperature, minimum cold temperature and medication status were compared; also the effect was compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rate was 96.6% (28/29) in the 60-min group, which was higher than 89.3% (25/28) in the 40-min group (<0.05). Compared before treatment, the total score of PSQI and sleep quality, sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep disorder, daytime dysfunction as well as the total TCM symptom score and its drowsiress in the morning, palpitation, amnesia, appetite were reduced after treatment in the 40-min group (all<0.05). After treatment, the total score and each score of PSQI as well as total score and each score of TCM symptom scale were reduced after treatment in the 60-min group (all<0.05). After treatment, the total score and each score of PSQI as well as total score and each score of TCM symptom scale were significantly different between the two groups (all<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Acupuncture combined with penetration moxibustion can improve the symptomsof insomnia with insufficiency of heart and spleen type, which is more significant in the 60-min group, indicating prolonged time of penetration moxibustion can improve sleep latency.</p>
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Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of hyper-early embolotherapy in treatment of intracranial ruptured aneurysm.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on 33 patients with intracranial ruptured aneurysm.Preoperative Hunt-Hess grade:grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ in 16 patients,gradeⅢin 5 patients,grade Ⅳ in 9 patients,grade Ⅴ in 3 patients.All patients were confirmed with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) by angiography and then underwent embolization under general anesthesia by detachable coils within 6 h from onset.Results After operation,25 patients (75.8％) recovered well,4 patients (12.1％) were with mild disability with paralysis and aphasia,4 patients (12.1％) were dead (1 patient for intraoperative aneurysm rupture,1 patient for postoperative pneumonia,1 patient for infection of hematoma at puncture site and 1 patient for postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding).Followed up 1-6 months,no rebleeding occurred.Conclusions Hyper-early embolotherapy could avoid rebleeding of the aneurysm,and relieve the vasespasm,without increasing the intra-operative rebleeding rate.Moreover hyper-early embolotherapy could greatly decrease the mortality of poor-grade SAH patients.